Estonia 
Estonia Heads of State
Alar Karis, President
- Assumed Office: 11 October 2021
- Political Party: Independent
- Predecessor: Kersti Kaljulaid
- Born: 26 March 1958
- Birth Place: Tartu, Estonia
- Alma Mater: Estonian University of Life Sciences
- Spouse(s): Sirje Karis (m. 1977)
- Children: 3
- Previous Positions: Director of Estonian National Museum (9 April 2018 – 7 September 2021); Auditor General of Estonia (7 April 2013 – 7 March 2018); Rector of the University of Tartu (3 July 2007 – 30 June 2012); Rector of the Estonian University of Life Sciences (2003–2007)
Kersti Kaljulaid, President
- Full Name: Kersti Kaljulaid
- Assumed Office: 10 October 2016
- Left Office: 11 October 2021
- Political Party: Independent, Pro Patria Union (2001–2004)
- Predecessor: Toomas Hendrik Ilves
- Successor: Alar Karis
- Born: 30 December 1969
- Birth Place: Tartu, Estonia
- Alma Mater: University of Tartu
- Spouse(s): Georgi-Rene Maksimovski (m. 2011)
- Children: Four
Toomas Hendrik Ilves, President
- Full Name: Toomas Hendrik Ilves
- Assumed Office: 9 October 2006
- Left Office: 10 October 2016
- Political Party: Social Democratic Party (Before 2006); Independent (2006–present)
- Predecessor: Arnold Ruutel
- Successor: Kersti Kaljulaid
- Born: 26 December 1953
- Birth Place: Stockholm, Sweden
- Alma Mater: Columbia University University of Pennsylvania
- Spouse(s): Merry Bullock (m. 1981, 2004);
Evelin Int (m. 2004, div. 2015);
Ieva Kupce (m. 2016) - Children: 4
- Previous Positions: Minister of Foreign Affairs (25 March 1999 – 28 January 2002)
Arnold Rüütel, President
- Full Name: Arnold Rüütel
- Assumed Office: 8 October 2001
- Left Office: 9 October 2006
- Political Party: Communist Party (Soviet era); Conservative People's Party of Estonia
- Predecessor: Lennart Meri
- Successor: Toomas Hendrik Ilves
- Born: 10 May 1928
- Birth Place: Laimjala Parish, Saaremaa, Estonia
- Spouse(s): Ingrid Rüütel
- Children: 2
- Previous Positions: Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic; Chairman of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Estonia (29 March 1990 – 5 October 1992)
Lennart Meri, President
- Full Name: Lennart Georg Meri
- Assumed Office: 6 October 1992
- Left Office: 8 October 2001
- Political Party: Pro Patria Union
- Predecessor: Konstantin Päts
- Successor: Arnold Ruutel
- Born: 29 March 1929
- Birth Place: Lennart-Georg Meri Tallinn, Estonia
- Died: 14 March 2006
- Death Place: Tallinn, Estonia
- Alma Mater: University of Tartu
- Spouse(s): Regina Ojavere (m. 1953, div. 1982);
Helle Pihlak (m. 1992, 2006 his death) - Children: 3
- Previous Positions: Minister of Foreign Affairs (April 1990 – March 1992)
Konstantin Päts, President
- Full Name: Konstantin Päts
- Assumed Office: 24 April 1938
- Left Office: 23 July 1940
- Political Party: Country People's Union (1917–1920); Farmers' Assemblies (1920–1932); Union of Settlers and Smallholders (1932–1935)
- Predecessor: Himself as Prime Minister
- Successor: Lennart Meri
- Born: 23 February 1874
- Birth Place: Tahkuranna Parish, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire
- Died: 19 January 1956
- Death Place: Burashevo, Kalininsky District, Kalinin Oblast, Russian SFSR, USSR
- Internment: Tallinn, Estonia
- Alma Mater: University of Tartu
- Spouse(s): Wilhelmine ("Helma");
Ida Emilie Päts - Children: Leo; Viktor
- Previous Positions: Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Provisional Government of Estonia; Prime Minister of the Provisional Government of Estonia; 2nd, 4th, 11th, 14th and 16th State Elder of Estonia; 6th Prime Minister of Estonia, in duties of the State Elder of Estonia; President-Regent of Estonia
Konstantin Päts, Prime Minister
- Full Name: Konstantin Päts
- Assumed Office: 24 January 1934
- Left Office: 3 September 1937
- Political Party: Country People's Union (1917–1920); Farmers' Assemblies (1920–1932); Union of Settlers and Smallholders (1932–1935)
- Predecessor: Himself as State Elder
- Successor: Konstantin Päts
- Born: 23 February 1874
- Birth Place: Tahkuranna Parish, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire
- Died: 18 January 1956
- Death Place: Burashevo, Kalininsky District, Kalinin Oblast, Russian SFSR, USSR
- Internment: Tallinn, Estonia
- Alma Mater: University of Tartu
- Spouse(s): Wilhelmine ("Helma");
Ida Emilie Päts - Children: Leo; Viktor
- Previous Positions: Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Provisional Government of Estonia; Prime Minister of the Provisional Government of Estonia; 2nd, 4th, 11th, 14th and 16th State Elder of Estonia; 6th Prime Minister of Estonia, in duties of the State Elder of Estonia; President-Regent of Estonia
Konstantin Päts, State Elder
- Full Name: Konstantin Päts
- Assumed Office: 21 October 1933
- Left Office: 24 January 1934
- Political Party: Country People's Union (1917–1920); Farmers' Assemblies (1920–1932); Union of Settlers and Smallholders (1932–1935)
- Predecessor: Jaan Tõnisson
- Successor: Konstantin Päts
- Born: 23 February 1874
- Birth Place: Tahkuranna Parish, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire
- Died: 18 January 1956
- Death Place: Burashevo, Kalininsky District, Kalinin Oblast, Russian SFSR, USSR
- Internment: Tallinn, Estonia
- Alma Mater: University of Tartu
- Spouse(s): Wilhelmine ("Helma"); Ida Emilie Päts
- Children: Leo; Viktor
- Previous Positions: Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Provisional Government of Estonia; Prime Minister of the Provisional Government of Estonia; 2nd, 4th, 11th, 14th and 16th State Elder of Estonia; 6th Prime Minister of Estonia, in duties of the State Elder of Estonia; President-Regent of Estonia
Jaan Tõnisson, State Elder
- Full Name: Jaan Tõnisson
- Assumed Office: 18 May 1933
- Left Office: 21 October 1933
- Political Party: Progressive People's Party (1905–1917); Democratic Party (1917–1919); Estonian People's Party (1919–1932); National Centre Party (1932–1935); later none
- Predecessor: Konstantin Päts
- Successor: Konstantin Päts
- Born: 22 December 1868
- Birth Place: Viiratsi Parish, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire
- Died: 1941
- Alma Mater: University of Tartu
Konstantin Päts, State Elder
- Full Name: Konstantin Päts
- Assumed Office: 1 November 1932
- Left Office: 18 May 1933
- Political Party: Country People's Union (1917–1920); Farmers' Assemblies (1920–1932); Union of Settlers and Smallholders (1932–1935)
- Predecessor: Kaarel Eenpalu
- Successor: Jaan Tõnisson
- Born: 23 February 1874
- Birth Place: Tahkuranna Parish, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire
- Died: 18 January 1956
- Death Place: Burashevo, Kalininsky District, Kalinin Oblast, Russian SFSR, USSR
- Internment: Tallinn, Estonia
- Alma Mater: University of Tartu
- Spouse(s): Wilhelmine ("Helma"); Ida Emilie Päts
- Children: Leo; Viktor
- Previous Positions: Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Provisional Government of Estonia (24 February 1918 – 12 November 1918); Prime Minister of the Provisional Government of Estonia (12 November 1918 – 8 May 1919); State Elder of Estonia (25 January 1921 – 21 November 1922; 2 August 1923 – 26 March 1924; 12 February 1931 – 19 February 1932; 1 November 1932 – 18 May 1933; 21 October 1933 – 24 January 1934); 6th Prime Minister of Estonia, in duties of the State Elder of Estonia; President-Regent of Estonia
Kaarel Eenpalu, State Elder
- Full Name: Kaarel Eenpalu
- Assumed Office: 19 July 1932
- Left Office: 1 November 1932
- Predecessor: Jaan Teemant
- Successor: Konstantin Päts
- Alma Mater: Tartu University
Jaan Teemant, State Elder
- Full Name: Jaan Teemant
- Assumed Office: 19 February 1932
- Left Office: 19 July 1932
- Predecessor: Konstantin Pats
- Successor: Kaarel Eenpalu
Konstantin Päts, State Elder
- Full Name: Konstantin Pats
- Assumed Office: 12 February 1931
- Left Office: 19 February 1932
- Political Party: Country People's Union (1917–1920); Farmers' Assemblies (1920–1932); Union of Settlers and Smallholders (1932–1935)
- Predecessor: Otto Strandman
- Successor: Jaan Teemant
- Born: 23 February 1874
- Birth Place: Tahkuranna Parish, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire
- Died: 18 January 1956
- Death Place: Burashevo, Kalininsky District, Kalinin Oblast, Russian SFSR, USSR
- Internment: Tallinn, Estonia
- Alma Mater: University of Tartu
- Spouse(s): Wilhelmine ("Helma"); Ida Emilie Päts
- Children: Leo; Viktor
- Previous Positions: Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Provisional Government of Estonia (24 February 1918 – 12 November 1918); Prime Minister of the Provisional Government of Estonia (12 November 1918 – 8 May 1919); State Elder of Estonia (25 January 1921 – 21 November 1922; 2 August 1923 – 26 March 1924; 12 February 1931 – 19 February 1932; 1 November 1932 – 18 May 1933; 21 October 1933 – 24 January 1934); 6th Prime Minister of Estonia, in duties of the State Elder of Estonia; President-Regent of Estonia
Otto Strandman, State Elder
- Full Name: Otto August Strandman
- Assumed Office: 9 July 1929
- Left Office: 12 February 1931
- Political Party: Radical Socialist Party (1917); Estonian Labour Party (1917–1932); National Centre Party (1932–1935); later none
- Predecessor: August Rei
- Successor: Konstantin Pats
- Born: 30 November 1875
- Birth Place: Vandu, Governorate of Estonia, Russian Empire
- Died: 5 February 1941
- Death Place: Kadrina, Estonia
- Alma Mater: Tartu University; Saint Petersburg University
- Spouse(s): Lydia Strandman (née Hindrikson)
- Previous Positions: 1st Prime Minister of Estonia (9 May 1919 – 18 November 1919)
August Rei, State Elder
- Full Name: August Rei
- Assumed Office: 4 December 1928
- Left Office: 9 July 1929
- Political Party: Social Democratic Workers' Party; Socialist Workers' Party
- Predecessor: Jaan Tõnisson
- Successor: Otto Strandman
- Born: 22 March 1886
- Birth Place: Kurla, Pilistvere Parish, Kreis Fellin, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire
- Died: 29 March 1963
- Death Place: Stockholm, Sweden
- Alma Mater: Saint Petersburg State University
Jaan Tõnisson, State Elder
- Full Name: Jaan Tõnisson
- Assumed Office: 9 December 1927
- Left Office: 4 December 1928
- Political Party: Progressive People's Party (1905–1917); Democratic Party (1917–1919); Estonian People's Party (1919–1932); National Centre Party (1932–1935); later none
- Predecessor: Jaan Teemant
- Successor: August Rei
- Born: 22 December 1868
- Birth Place: Viiratsi Parish, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire
- Died: 1941
- Alma Mater: University of Tartu
- Previous Positions: 2nd Prime Minister of Estonia (18 November 1919 – 28 July 1920)
Jaan Teemant, State Elder
- Full Name: Jaan Teemant
- Assumed Office: 15 December 1925
- Left Office: 9 December 1927
- Predecessor: Juri Jaakson
- Successor: Jaan Tõnisson
- Alma Mater: Saint Petersburg University
Juri Jaakson, State Elder
- Full Name: Juri Jaakson
- Assumed Office: 16 December 1924
- Left Office: 15 December 1925
- Predecessor: Friedrich Akel
- Successor: Jaan Teemant
- Born: 4 January 1870
- Birth Place: Karula, Kreis Fellin, Livonia, Russian Empire
- Died: 20 April 1942
- Death Place: Sosva, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Soviet Union
- Alma Mater: Tartu University; Saint Petersburg University
Friedrich Akel, State Elder
- Full Name: Friedrich Karl Akel
- Assumed Office: 26 March 1924
- Left Office: 16 December 1924
- Predecessor: Konstantin Päts
- Successor: Juri Jaakson
- Born: 5 September 1871
- Birth Place: Kaubi Manor, Kaubi Parish (now in Pornuse), Viljandi County
- Died: 3 July 1941
- Death Place: Tallinn
Konstantin Päts, State Elder
- Full Name: Konstantin Päts
- Assumed Office: 2 August 1923
- Left Office: 26 March 1924
- Political Party: Country People's Union (1917–1920); Farmers' Assemblies (1920–1932); Union of Settlers and Smallholders (1932–1935)
- Predecessor: Juhan Kukk
- Successor: Friedrich Akel
- Born: 23 February 1874
- Birth Place: Tahkuranna Parish, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire
- Died: 18 January 1956
- Death Place: Burashevo, Kalininsky District, Kalinin Oblast, Russian SFSR, USSR
- Internment: Tallinn, Estonia
- Alma Mater: University of Tartu
- Spouse(s): Wilhelmine ("Helma"); Ida Emilie Päts
- Children: Leo; Viktor
- Previous Positions: Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Provisional Government of Estonia (24 February 1918 – 12 November 1918); Prime Minister of the Provisional Government of Estonia (12 November 1918 – 8 May 1919); State Elder of Estonia (25 January 1921 – 21 November 1922; 2 August 1923 – 26 March 1924; 12 February 1931 – 19 February 1932; 1 November 1932 – 18 May 1933; 21 October 1933 – 24 January 1934); 6th Prime Minister of Estonia, in duties of the State Elder of Estonia; President-Regent of Estonia
Juhan Kukk, State Elder
- Full Name: Juhan (Johann) Kukk
- Assumed Office: 21 October 1922
- Left Office: 2 August 1923
- Political Party: Eesti Tööerakond - ETE
- Predecessor: Konstantin Päts
- Successor: Konstantin Päts
- Born: 13 April 1885
- Birth Place: Karu, Governorate of Estonia, Russian Empire
- Died: 4 December 1942
- Death Place: Kargopol, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russian SFSR, USSR
- Previous Positions: Speaker of Riigikogu (1921–1922)
Konstantin Päts, State Elder
- Full Name: Konstantin Päts
- Assumed Office: 25 January 1921
- Left Office: 21 November 1922
- Political Party: Country People's Union (1917–1920); Farmers' Assemblies (1920–1932); Union of Settlers and Smallholders (1932–1935)
- Predecessor: Ants Piip
- Successor: Juhan Kukk
- Born: 23 February 1874
- Birth Place: Tahkuranna Parish, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire
- Died: 18 January 1956
- Death Place: Burashevo, Kalininsky District, Kalinin Oblast, Russian SFSR, USSR
- Internment: Tallinn, Estonia
- Alma Mater: University of Tartu
- Spouse(s): Wilhelmine ("Helma"); Ida Emilie Päts
- Children: Leo; Viktor
- Previous Positions: Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Provisional Government of Estonia (24 February 1918 – 12 November 1918); Prime Minister of the Provisional Government of Estonia (12 November 1918 – 8 May 1919); State Elder of Estonia (25 January 1921 – 21 November 1922; 2 August 1923 – 26 March 1924; 12 February 1931 – 19 February 1932; 1 November 1932 – 18 May 1933; 21 October 1933 – 24 January 1934); 6th Prime Minister of Estonia, in duties of the State Elder of Estonia; President-Regent of Estonia
Ants Piip, State Elder
- Full Name: Ants Piip
- Assumed Office: 20 December 1920
- Left Office: 25 January 1921
- Political Party: Estonian Labour Party; later none
- Predecessor: Position established
- Successor: Konstantin Päts
- Born: 28 February 1884
- Birth Place: Tuhalaane, Kreis Fellin, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire
- Died: 1 October 1942
- Death Place: Nyrobsky camp, Molotov Oblast, Soviet Union
- Previous Positions: 4th Prime Minister of Estonia (26 October 1920 – 20 December 1920)
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